Brendan Mullan’s love of astronomy began when he got his first glimpse of outer space while visiting a planetarium as a young boy. Today, his career as an astrobiologist and science educator is fueled by a passion to communicate information and inspire future generations of scientists and explorers.
Grades
4 - 12+
Subjects
Earth Science, Astronomy
Program
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Brendan Mullan is a National Geographic Emerging Explorer and recent Ph.D. graduate of Penn State University’s Department of and . In 2012, he won NASA’s FameLab astro competition, which honors scientists who excel in communicating their work and scientific content to a variety of audiences.
Having been raised by a biologist and a chemist, Mullan was never intimidated by science, but he recognizes that many people are. He developed a passion for learning at a very young age, and he hopes to share that passion with the public and future generations of scientists and explorers. Mullan enjoys the challenge of finding innovative ways to communicate scientific information in a relevant, accessible, and engaging way for all audiences, novice and expert alike.
As an astronomer, Mullan studies space beyond Earth’s atmosphere. His area of specialization is astrobiology, which explores the origin, evolution and distribution of life both on Earth and in space. Astrobiology is a complex subject and requires him to have knowledge of multiple scientific disciplines, including astronomy, biology, , physics, geology, , and geography. Astrobiology research seeks answers to questions such as whether or not life exists beyond Earth, what limits life from originating and/or evolving, and how extraterrestrial life could be detected. Recent astrobiology research has focused on finding extraterrestrial environments with conditions likely to harbor life. Resulting from a number of international collaborations, several research missions are currently underway, including the Cassini probe’s study of Saturn and its moons, and the Phoenix Mars Lander, Mars Science Laboratory and ExoMars.
English Transcript
- Yeah, growing up in the city, I had never been able to see the night sky before, in it's, you know, true awe-inspiring capacity. You don't really get to see the true enormity of the cosmos unless if you're lucky enough to live, you know, out there in the countryside to see the whole night sky. When I was about eight or nine years old, we had our first field trip to a small planetarium that our school district had at a local high school. For me, that was the first glimpse of outer space or heavens that I had ever had. And having the lights dim around you and then it's pitch black, and then all of a sudden all these innumerable pinpoints of light show up on the ceiling. And that's your first introduction to how many stars there are in our night sky, which is a tiny chunk of the hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way galaxy, which is only a tiny chunk of the hundreds of billions of galaxies that surround us in the physical universe. So, this world that you live on is a lot more complex than you originally thought. Both my parents worked in labs. My dad was a chemist, my mom was a biologist. While having both my parents be scientists really demystified science for me. It showed me that, like, real people, people that everyone knows are scientists. We're not just, you know, quirky, weird people with frizzy hair and beakers of frothing green liquid in labs far away, we're real people doing real things just like you. When you're young and you're trying to think of what you're gonna do for the rest of your life, you start going through all the options and you say, "Oh, do I wanna do this? Do I wanna do that?" And then when I got to college, I knew I wanted to keep with astronomy, but I wanted to learn about other things, too, because I still think that, like, learning stuff, knowing things is the coolest thing ever, and knowledge is really the only thing that you own in this world. So I went to a liberal arts college where you get to study all sorts of different things, and for me, every other option was just a small part of the grandiose whole of things that I could be doing as an astronomer. Well, my decision to get into astronomy was very much inspired by that first planetary experience all those years ago. I kept that with me the whole time. And every time things got hard or I felt overwhelmed, I, I I thought about what it felt like to be back there in that planetarium, like, sitting down, gazing back and seeing the stars for the first time and thinking that, "Hey, you know, this is what I want to do, this is what's important." My undergrad advisor berated me every day and he said, "Brendan, you gotta have the passion. If you're gonna make it an astronomy, you gotta have the passion. You gotta work a lot, you gotta love this stuff. You gotta breathe it, you gotta feel it." And that's when I knew that I was making the right call. He was right the whole time. You gotta find the passion, regardless of if it's an astronomy or anything else, you gotta have that fire in the belly. You gotta have that passion to drive you through whatever obstacles that you face to help you wake up the next day and continue the fight. The best thing about being a scientist is that moment where when you're done taking your data and you cleaned it up and you start to look at it for the first time and you realize that you're the first person in the world, first person in all of human history to learn something new about our universe. You made that discovery right then, and like chills wash over you. You start to get a little shaky and it's like, "Wow!" You're pushing that boundary, that frontier of exploration. That is the coolest feeling that I can think of. My name is Brendan Mullan and I'm an astronomer and astrobiologist at Penn State.
Spanish Transcript
- Al crecer en la ciudad, nunca pude ver un cielo de noche así, en su capacidad asombrosa. No llegas a ver la verdadera enormidad del cosmos a menos que tengas la suerte de vivir en el campo para ver todo el cielo nocturno. Cuando tenía unos ocho o nueve años, tuvimos nuestra primera excursión a un pequeño planetario que nuestro distrito escolar tenía en una escuela secundaria local. Para mí, esa fue la primera visión del espacio exterior o los cielos que jamás había tenido. Y tener las luces atenuadas a tu alrededor y luego está completamente oscuro, y de repente todos estos innumerables puntos de luz aparecen en el techo. Y esa es tu primera introducción a cuántas estrellas hay en nuestro cielo nocturno, que es un pequeño fragmento de los cientos de miles de millones de estrellas en nuestra galaxia Vía Láctea, que es solo un pequeño fragmento de los cientos de miles de millones de galaxias que nos rodean en el universo físico. Entonces, este mundo en el que vives es mucho más complejo de lo que pensabas originalmente. Mis dos padres trabajaban en laboratorios. Mi papá era químico, mi mamá era bióloga. Tener a ambos padres como científicos realmente desmitificó la ciencia para mí. Me mostró que, como, personas reales, personas que todos conocen son científicos. No somos solo, ya sabes, personas excéntricas y raras con cabello alborotado y frascos de líquido verde burbujeante en laboratorios lejanos, somos personas reales haciendo cosas reales, igual que tú. Cuando eres joven y estás tratando de pensar qué vas a hacer por el resto de tu vida, empiezas a considerar todas las opciones y dices, "Oh, ¿quiero hacer esto? ¿Quiero hacer aquello?" Y luego, cuando llegué a la universidad, supe que quería seguir con la astronomía, pero también quería aprender sobre otras cosas, porque todavía pienso que, como, aprender cosas, saber cosas es lo más genial del mundo, y el conocimiento es realmente lo único que posees en este mundo. Así que fui a una universidad de artes liberales donde puedes estudiar todo tipo de cosas diferentes, <y para mí, cualquier otra opción era solo una pequeña parte del grandioso todo de cosas que podría estar haciendo como astrónomo. Bueno, mi decisión de entrar en la astronomía fue muy inspirada por esa primera experiencia planetaria hace todos esos años. Mantuve eso conmigo todo el tiempo. Y cada vez que las cosas se ponían difíciles o me sentía abrumado, yo, yo pensaba en cómo se sentía estar de vuelta en ese planetario, como, sentado, mirando hacia atrás y viendo las estrellas por primera vez y pensando, "Oye, sabes, esto es lo que quiero hacer, esto es lo que es importante". Mi asesor de pregrado me regañaba todos los días y decía, "Brendan, tienes que tener la pasión. Si vas a dedicarte a la astronomía, tienes que tener pasión. Tienes que trabajar mucho, tienes que amar esto. Tienes que respirarlo, tienes que sentirlo". Y fue entonces cuando supe que estaba tomando la decisión correcta. Él tenía razón todo el tiempo. Tienes que encontrar la pasión, sin importar si es en astronomía o en cualquier otra cosa, tienes que tener ese fuego en el vientre. Tienes que tener esa pasión que te impulse a través de cualquier obstáculo que enfrentes para ayudarte a despertar al día siguiente y continuar la lucha. Lo mejor de ser científico es ese momento en el que cuando terminas de tomar tus datos y los limpias y empiezas a mirarlos por primera vez y te das cuenta de que eres la primera persona en el mundo, la primera persona en toda la historia de la humanidad en aprender algo nuevo sobre nuestro universo. Hiciste ese descubrimiento justo en ese momento, y como que te recorren escalofríos. Empiezas a ponerte un poco nervioso y es como, "¡Guau!" Estás empujando ese límite, esa frontera de exploración. Esa es la sensación más genial que puedo imaginar. Mi nombre es Brendan Mullan y soy astrónomo y astrobiólogo en Penn State.
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Writer
Angela M. Cowan, Education Specialist and Curriculum Designer
Editor
Julie Brown, National Geographic Society
Copyeditor
Jeannie Evers, Emdash Editing, Emdash Editing
Producer
Elaine Larson, National Geographic Society
other
Last Updated
May 16, 2025
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