VIDEO

VIDEO

Does Tool Use Define Humanity?

Does Tool Use Define Humanity?

A key observation Jane Goodall noted while studying at Gombe Stream National Park was that chimpanzees made and used tools. Prior to this discovery, scientists accepted that trait as a definition of humanity.

Grades

5 - 12

Transcript (English)

- [Jane] Louis Leakey sent me to Gombe, because he believed that an understanding of chimpanzees in the wild would help him to better guess how our Stone Age ancestors may have behaved. It had long been thought that we were the only creatures on earth that used and made tools. Man, the tool maker, is how we were defined. And here was David Greybeard using a tool. It was hard for me to believe what I'd seen. A few days later, I watched spellbound as chimps set off to a termite mound, picked a small leafy twig, then stripped it of its leaves. That was object modification, the crude beginning of tool making. It had never been seen before. When I telegramed the news to Louis Leakey, he responded that we must now redefine man or accept chimpanzees as human. My observations at Gombe would challenge human uniqueness, and whenever that happens, there is always a violent uproar. There were some who would try to discredit my observations, because I was a young, untrained girl and should therefore be disregarded. The result of it all, however, was that Lewis was able to obtain a grant from the National Geographic Society to continue my study. In addition, they would be sending out a photographer to document the chimpanzees.

Transcripción (Español)

- [Jane] Louis Leakey me envió a Gombe, porque creía que entender a los chimpancés en la naturaleza ayudaría a hacer mejores suposiciones sobre cómo se podrían haber comportado nuestros antepasados de la Edad de Piedra. Durante mucho tiempo se pensó que éramos las únicas criaturas en la tierra que usaban y fabricaban herramientas. El hombre, el fabricante de herramientas, es cómo nos definíamos. Y aquí estaba David Greybeard usando una herramienta. Fue difícil para mí creer lo que había visto. Unos días después, observé fascinada mientras los chimpancés se dirigían a un montículo de termitas, escogieron una pequeña ramita frondosa, luego la despojaron de sus hojas. Eso era modificación de objetos, el comienzo rudimentario de la fabricación de herramientas. Nunca se había visto antes. Cuando le envié la noticia a Louis Leakey por telegrama, él respondió que ahora debemos redefinir al hombre o aceptar a los chimpancés como humanos. Mis observaciones en Gombe desafiarían la singularidad humana, y siempre que eso sucede, hay un alboroto violento. Había algunos que intentaban desacreditar mis observaciones, porque era una joven sin formación y por lo tanto debería ser ignorada. Sin embargo, el resultado de todo esto fue que Lewis pudo obtener una beca de la Sociedad Geográfica Nacional para continuar mi estudio. Además, enviarían a un fotógrafo para documentar a los chimpancés.

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Last Updated

May 31, 2024

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