On February 27, 1827, the people of New Orleans, Louisiana, took to the streets for the first citywide Mardi Gras celebrations. A group of students in masks and costumes paraded through the streets, partying and dancing. Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday in French) is the last day before Lent, a solemn period in the Catholic Church calendar. Mardi Gras is the last day to live in excess before Lent, when giving up rich foods and drinks is common.

Since 1827, Mardi Gras in New Orleans has become world-famous. Social clubs called krewes throw large and colorful parties and parades throughout the week. They pass out trinkets like beads and coins called doubloons to the people who come to celebrate. Mardi Gras traditions are heavily influenced by the cultural history of New Orleans—a rich gumbo of Native American, Spanish, French, Cajun, African American, and Caribbean cultures, combined with the economic and cultural influences of the Mississippi River.