In this clip from Years of Living Dangerously, actor Joshua Jackson scuba dives along the Great Barrier Reef, an ecosystem at risk due to climate change.
Grades
6 - 12+
Subjects
Anthropology, Geography
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Travel to Australia’s Great Barrier Reef with Joshua Jackson, and witness the beauty of a fragile reef that could be lost if people continue to release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere at current levels.
In a conversation with a University of Queensland marine biologist, Jackson learns how science has only recently connected climate change with ocean . The ocean absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere and the CO2 reacts with seawater, increasing the ocean’s acidity. Higher acidity is harmful to coral and other marine life. Though humans have assumed that our vast ocean is an inexhaustible resource, it appears the ocean’s is reaching its limit.
Transcript (English)
- [Joshua Jackson] The best place to see the impacts of climate change on the oceans is in Australia at the Great Barrier Reef. It's the world's largest coral reef system, so big you can see it from space. I am headed to its southern reaches to a place called Heron Island, where scientists from the University of Queensland are doing groundbreaking research on coral reefs. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg is a marine biologist who has spent his life studying corals. More and more, his focus has been on climate change and the impact it will have on the world's reefs.
- Pretty amazing, isn't it?
- Yeah. Spectacular.
- It always pleases me when I look at a sea like this with a coral reef and fish and sharks, it's just, and the reefs from above, it hides all that biodiversity and the only way to see it is to get in the water and, and have a look.
- [Joshua Jackson] Heron Island is surrounded by some of the most pristine coral reefs in the world. Before I see how climate change will affect them, Ove wants to show me what's at stake. I've been a diver since I was a teenager, but what greets me under the surface of the water blows my mind. The Great Barrier Reef is one of the seven natural wonders of the world, and I can see why. I have never seen this kind of diversity in life or been this close to a majestic manta ray. Being eye to eye with these animals is humbling. I am realizing how interconnected everything is, and when I look closer, I see that reefs are supporting all of this life, providing food, shelter, and places to hide from predators. It turns out coral reefs punch way above their weight in productivity. Though they make up less than 1% of the ocean floor, reefs support a quarter of all marine species. If climate change will alter the reefs, is all this life under threat?
- The major problem is that we've assumed that the ocean is too big to fail. We've assumed we can fish the fish and always have more fish. We've assumed that we can put pollution into the ocean and it'll just go away and not come back and won't build up. But what we've learned over the last 50 years is that the ocean is finite, that there are limits to what it can absorb. At the moment, it's showing all the signs that it's on wobbly legs.
- How is it trying to tell us? Like, what are the signs?
- It's an ocean, which it hasn't been this warm or changing temperature for thousands of years, and we're seeing a change in the chemistry of the ocean that has no parallel in 65 million years, if not 300 million years. That's the last time it changed this quickly. They often refer to ocean acidification as the evil twin of global warming, right, because it's, it's a separate but very potent effect. We only started to learn about it 15 years ago, so we really only know the tip of the iceberg.
Transcripción (Español)
- [Joshua Jackson] El mejor lugar para ver los impactos del cambio climático en los océanos es en Australia, en la Gran Barrera de Coral. Es el sistema de arrecifes de coral más grande del mundo, tan grande que se puede ver desde el espacio. Me dirijo a sus extremos del sur a un lugar llamado Isla Heron, donde científicos de la Universidad de Queensland están realizando investigaciones innovadoras sobre arrecifes de coral. Ove Hoegh-Guldberg es un biólogo marino que ha pasado su vida estudiando corales. Cada vez más, su enfoque ha sido el cambio climático y el impacto que tendrá en los arrecifes del mundo.
- Bastante asombroso, ¿no?
- Sí. Espectacular.
- Siempre me complace cuando miro un mar como este con un arrecife de coral y peces y tiburones, es simplemente genial, y los arrecifes desde arriba, esto oculta toda esa biodiversidad y la única manera de verla es meterse en el agua y echar un vistazo.
- [Joshua Jackson] La Isla Heron está rodeada por algunos de los arrecifes de coral más prístinos del mundo. Antes de ver cómo el cambio climático los afectará, Ove quiere mostrarme lo que está en juego. He sido buceador desde que era adolescente, pero lo que me recibe bajo la superficie del agua me deja asombrado. La Gran Barrera de Coral es una de las siete maravillas naturales del mundo, y puedo ver por qué. Nunca había visto este tipo de diversidad en mi vida ni había estado tan cerca de una majestuosa mantarraya. Estar cara a cara con estos animales es asombroso. Estoy comprendiendo lo interconectado que está todo, y cuando miro más de cerca, veo que los arrecifes están apoyando toda esta vida, proporcionando alimento, refugio, y lugares para esconderse de los depredadores. Resulta que los arrecifes de coral superan con creces su peso en productividad. Aunque constituyen menos del 1% del fondo oceánico, los arrecifes sostienen una cuarta parte de todas las especies marinas. Si el cambio climático altera los arrecifes, ¿está toda esta vida bajo amenaza?
- El problema principal es que hemos asumido que el océano es demasiado grande para fracasar. Hemos asumido que podemos pescar los peces y siempre tener más peces. Hemos asumido que podemos poner contaminación en el océano y que desaparecerá, no volverá y no se acumulará. Pero lo que hemos aprendido en los últimos 50 años es que el océano es finito, que hay límites a lo que puede absorber. En este momento, está mostrando todos los signos de que está tambaleándose.
- ¿Cómo está tratando de avisarnos? ¿Cuáles son los signos?
- Es un océano que no ha estado tan cálido ni cambiando de temperatura durante miles de años, y estamos viendo un cambio en la química del océano que no tiene paralelo en 65 millones de años, si no 300 millones de años. Esa fue la última vez que cambió tan rápidamente. A menudo se refieren a la acidificación del océano como el gemelo malvado del calentamiento global, ¿verdad? porque es un efecto separado pero muy potente. Solo comenzamos a aprender sobre esto hace 15 años, así que realmente solo conocemos la punta del iceberg.
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Writer
Anne Haywood, Mountain to Sea Education
Editor
Terrell Smith
Reviewer
Lockheed Martin
Funded by
National Geographic Channel
Producer
Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society, National Geographic Society
other
Last Updated
October 28, 2025
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