Paleontology is the scientific study of prehistoric life and Earth’s history through the examination of fossils. Fossils are preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms, which became buried in layers of sediment and transformed into rocks over time. Paleontologists analyze fossilized remains like bones, teeth, shells, and footprints or other tracks to understand various facets of ancient life, including evolution, biodiversity, behavior, and ecological relationships, contributing to our knowledge of Earth's history.